Knowledge Base
How To Do Basic Website SEO
Search engines do not rank websites; they rank web pages. Many people assume if they optimise their website for a number of keywords then all search traffic will go to their homepage. Actually the opposite is true; search engines look for relevant pages, not relevant websites. Search engines do not think in terms of your site as a whole; they mostly care about the page or pages relevant to the keyword searched for.
If we use Wikipedia to illustrate the point. Wikipedia is a great example, because if you perform a search for just about any keyword, a Wikipedia page is likely to show up in the top five results. If you search for "Napoleon" for example, the Wikipedia result will take you to Wikipedia's Napoleon page, not to the Wikipedia homepage.
This is how search engines work: They look for relevant pages. To optimise your site, you will need to keep that fact in mind. Instead of thinking globally, mentally break your site up into different parts and pieces. If you want to rank high for a particular keyword, you probably will need a separate page focused on that term if it is not relevant to your homepage.
Basic Page Optimisation
We use Google to illustrate the following points; in general the other major search engines function in the same way.
Google looks for these things to identify the theme of a web page:
- Page title: The page title is the text that appears in the blue bar at the top of your browser. Google uses the page title (also called the title tag) to identify pages and show users the relevance of the page. The page title also shows up as the link when a search result is returned. Keep title tags short and precise, between 8-9 words. Every page should have a different unique and relevant page title.
- Metadata: While meta tags are not as important as they used to be, including your main keywords in your page metadata can help Google differentiate between different pages. Make sure your metadata is specific to each individual page and that it does not include any words that are not related to the text of that page.
- URL: The URL is the web address of a web page. Including relevant keywords in the page URL can help your rankings, so work with your webmaster to create static URLs with keywords included. Strike a balance, though – don't try to have 10 different keywords in a URL.
- Text: The content of the page should be relevant to the topic mentioned in your title tag, metadata and URL. Make sure you mention your keywords as well as other words that relate to the basic theme of the page.
Being number one in the search rankings is important, but if you are number two and you have optimized your content for the user, you will probably get more repeat visitors and sales than if you create pages focusing exclusively on getting better search rankings.
Take Advantage Of Internal Links
Internal links are links from pages on your site to other pages on your site. You can improve your page rankings by linking directly to pages on your website by using one of your keywords as the link text. Google will follow those links and know your page is relevant for that topic. You have probably noticed Wikipedia uses internal links extensively; whenever a word is used that has a relevant article somewhere else on Wikipedia, that word gets an internal link.
If a page on your site is devoted to Napoleon, and you also have a page devoted to the Duke of Wellington, link occurrences of "Duke of Wellington" on the Napoleon page to the Duke's page – and when you mention Napoleon on the Duke's page, link back to the Napoleon page. Your site will be more convenient for visitors and you will improve your search rankings too.
Get Relevant Inbound Links
Inbound links are links to your site from other sites. Relevant inbound links are links from sites that contain content related to your site. If you sell computer hardware, an inbound link from a software site is relevant; an inbound link from a pet supply store is not.
Google follows inbound links and uses them as a popularity contest of sorts; the more inbound links you have from relevant sites, the higher your page rankings. When you have links from "authority" sites – sites Google ranks highly – your pages will rank even higher. Again, getting inbound links is not just a way to optimize your site for SEO purposes; each inbound link also creates a natural way for a visitor to find you by following that link.
Your goal is to get as many relevant inbound links as possible. Find sites that provide related products or related services that don't specifically compete with you. Ask for an inbound link to the relevant page. You may also decide to link back to their site, but only do this with relevant content that makes sense for your readers. Do not trade links with the sole purpose of better rankings.
Then find industry hubs for your niches. Search for "cooking articles" or cooking directories and some of the results will be directories that exist to help people find cooking related articles. Also try using words like "organization" or "non-profit" with your keywords when you search. In some cases you may have to pay a small fee for an inbound link, but if the site in question is a relevant and trusted source, the cost of that link could make sense.
Some services automate the process of link exchanges. Exchanging links with non-relevant sites may provide a short-term boost but will catch up to you in the long run, and Google can eventually penalise you because almost all of your inbound links are irrelevant. For example, pet-related sites should not link to cooking-related sites, plus you will not get many visitors from those irrelevant sites.
Check Your Competitors
Search for your keywords and check out the pages that rank highly. How many times is the keyword used in the text? How is the title tag written? Which keywords are in the URL?
You can also see how many inbound links your competitors have. On Yahoo, enter the text "link:www.(nameofsite).com" and you will see all inbound links to that page. Those same sites may also be willing to link to you. If multiple pages ranked in the top 10 have links from similar sites, go after getting those links first – those sites are probably trusted sources.
Get Your New Website Noticed
Google will eventually find your new website, but you can speed up the process. The best way is to get inbound links from trusted sites; when Google crawls those sites it will follow that link to your site – and you will get noticed.
You can also submit your site directly to Google for crawling. Using the basic Site Submit can take months; a better approach is to submit your site at Google's Webmaster Central. You will have to add a small piece of code to your site's HTML code so Google can verify you are the owner of your site, so your programmer may need to help you. Your pages will then be crawled and hopefully indexed in days instead of weeks or months.
Consider Your Visitors
Google looks at a variety of factors for ranking your pages. Content is important, but do not add new content just to get Google to visit.
Your site needs to provide good resources for your visitors. Build your site for your audience and you will naturally do the things search engines want and you will rank better. For example, many of the hugely popular blog sites do not focus on SEO; they concentrate on their audience and on getting exposure. As a result, they have a lot of links and the search engines rank them highly. Search engines want people to find what they are looking for; build your site with your audience in mind and over time the search engines will reward your efforts.
Getting Crawled
To find out how often your site is crawled, enter "site:www.(nameofyoursite.com)" on Google and you will see all your pages Google has indexed. The "cached" link next to each pages indicates the last time that page was cached. On average it takes about two weeks for Google to check out non-dormant sites and re-rank pages. Some sites are indexed every few days; some major sites get updated multiple times per day. Check this every day and you will quickly determine how frequently your site is crawled.
At the same time you will get a sense of how well your entire site is performing. If you have 400 pages and only five are indexed, you likely need more inbound links and optimisation on the non-indexed pages.
Then make intelligent changes to improve your page rankings. Change your title tags. Change the content so your keywords are featured. Add internal links where appropriate. Get more – always get more – relevant inbound links.
Rinse And Repeat
Search engine optimization is an ongoing process. To drive traffic to your pages, make improving your site an important part of your weekly routine. Get your basic site structure right, keep collecting relevant inbound links, and provide good resources for your users and the search engines will love you.